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Endnotes

1.  Fox News Sunday, June 17, 2007, http://youtube.com/watch?v=xBsbvP0-410&feature=related 

2  Hinchey press release, June 5, 2003, http://www.house.gov/apps/list/press/ny22_hinchey/060503FCC.html  

3.  Broadcasting & Cable Web site article posted June 27, 2007, http://www.broadcastingcable.com/article/CA6456031.html

4.  Fox News Sunday, June 17, 2007,  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pe22Vn6wJEM&NR=1

5.  Thierer, Adam, Why the Fairness Doctrine is Anything but Fair, Heritage Foundation Executive Memorandum #368, October 29, 1993, http://www.heritage.org/Research/Regulation/EM368.cfm

6. Alexa.com Web site.  http://www.alexa.com/browse?Mode=general&CategoryID=1

7. Alexa.com Web site, http://www.alexa.com/browse?&CategoryID=8

8. Alexa.com Web site, http://www.alexa.com/browse?&CategoryID=14

9.  Project for Excellence in Journalism, State of the News Media 2008, http://www.stateofthenewsmedia.com/2008/narrative_online_audience.php?cat=2&media=5

10. comScore Web site, http://www.comscore.com/press/release.asp?press=971  

11.  Alexa.com Web site, http://www.alexa.com/browse?Mode=general&CategoryID=1 

12.  Nielsen, as cited by Project for Excellence in Journalism’s State of the News Media 2008,  http://www.stateofthenewsmedia.com/2008/narrative_online_ownership.php?cat=4&media=5 

13. comScore Web site, http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2007/chartland.asp?id=485&ct=col&dir=&sort=&col2_box=1

14. Newspaper Association of America, http://www.naa.org/thesource/14.asp#number   

15. Newspaper Association of America, cited by the Project for Excellence in Journalism, http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2007/narrative_newspapers_audience.asp?cat=2&media=3 

16. MusicBizAcademy Web site,   http://www.musicbizacademy.com/articles/radio/stations.htm  

17. Inside Radio,   http://ftp.media.radcity.net/ZMST/insideradio/NOV07TOTALFormats.htm

18.  Web-Radio Web site, http://www.web-radio.fm/fr_netk.cfm  

19.  Arbitron data cited by Project for Excellence in Journalism, http://stateofthemedia.org/2007/narrative_radio_audience.asp

20.  Project for Excellence in Journalism, op. cit., http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2007/narrative_online_audience.asp 

21.  Ibid., http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2007/narrative_localtv_publicattitudes.asp

22.  Talkers Magazine Web site, http://www.talkers.com/main/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=17&Itemid=34

23.  Ed Schultz Show Web site, http://www.wegoted.com/aboutEd/index.asp

24.  Horrigan, John, Home Broadband Adoption 2006, Pew/Internet, http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_Broadband_trends2006.pdf  

25.  Deitz, Corey, Listenership to Internet Radio Jumped 26% Over Past Year, About.com Web site, February 23, 2007, http://radio.about.com/od/radiotheinternet/a/aa022207a.htm   

26. NPR: An Oft Unreported, but Formidable Airwaves Presence, Center for Media Research, http://www.centerformediaresearch.com/cfmr_brief.cfm?fnl=060809   

27.  National Public Radio Web site,  http://www.npr.org/about/

28.  Pacifica Radio Web site, http://www.pacifica.org/about/  

29.  American Public Media Web site, http://americanpublicmedia.publicradio.org/ 

30.  Public Radio International Web site, http://www.pri.org/

31.  Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Radio_International  

32.  Evening News Viewership, All Networks, Project for Excellence in Journalism,  http://journalism.org/node/1344

 33.  Project for Project for Excellence in Journalism, State of the News Media 2007, http://stateofthemedia.org/2007/printable_networktv_audience.asp  

34.  Ibid, http://stateofthemedia.org/2007/printable_networktv_audience.asp  , http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2007/chartland.asp?id=393&ct=line&dir=&sort=&col1_box=1&col2_box=1&col3_box=1

35.  Ibid,  http://stateofthemedia.org/2007/printable_cabletv_chapter.asp?media=1&cat=1  

36.  Ibid,  http://stateofthemedia.org/2007/printable_cabletv_chapter.asp?media=1&cat=1  

37. Ibid,  http://www.stateofthenewsmedia.org/2007/narrative_cabletv_audience.asp?cat=2&media=6 

38.  Top 100 U.S. Daily Newspapers, BurrellesLuce Web site, http://www.burrellesluce.com/top100/2007_Top_100List.pdf 

39.  The Top Talk Radio Audiences, Talkers Magazine Web site, http://www.talkers.com/main/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=17&Itemid=34  

40.  Project for Excellence in Journalism, State of the News Media 2008,   http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2008/narrative_radio_audience.php?cat=2&media=10  

41.  Project for Excellence in Journalism, State of the News Media 2007,   http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2007/narrative_magazines_audience.asp?cat=2&media=8 

42.  Ibid,  http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2007/narrative_radio_talk_radio.asp

43.  Ibid, http://www.stateofthemedia.org/2007/narrative_radio_talk_radio.asp 

44.  Powe Jr., Lucas A., American Broadcasting and the First Amendment, University of California Press, 1987, p. 113.

45.  Ibid, p. 114.

46.  Ibid.

47.  Ibid, p. 115.

48.  Ibid, p. 115.

49.  Ibid, p. 126.

50.  The American Spectator, Washington Prowler, “Her Royal Fairness,” May 14, 2007, http://www.spectator.org/dsp_article.asp?art_id=11427

 

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